We can affirm this because TCK's have many cultures in one, by that they don't feel completely part of any, because of this we can say that they have nothing beyond their passports to connect them with their home country as their beliefs, education, etc. are given from a different culture.
In terms of gain and loses from the fact they grow up outside their passport country, we can say that they gain an open-minded view of the world, they learn to be more comprehensive with other cultures and ideals, they are good to realize the social problems in the society they are part, they can compare between the different lifestyles, etc. Because of this, usually TCKs have an important role or position in political structures on differents countries, as they can realize and help the society with their problems. One example of this is Barack Obama which is the president of United States and also he is TCK.
About the lose, we can say that they are very lonely as they don't feel part of any culture, they don't know much about they "passport country", also usually as they don't feel part of the society, they tend to became friends of another TCK's.
To conclude, we can say that TCK don't connect much with they country of origin, they don't know about it, they also don't learn much there or maybe they didn't even live there, and maybe they aren't interested on their origin country, because of this they called it "passport country". Because of they they have some gain and loses which really affects who they are.
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